Monday, April 27, 2015

I John 3:16-24


Year B
Fourth Sunday of Easter
April 26, 2015
Title: Love One Another: Not the Same Old Formula
Cross~Wind UMC 

Going deeper
I John 3:16-24
The theme for I John 3:11- 24 is the gospel of loving one another. The contrast is between love and hate. He shows the importance of love among the fellowship of believers. The primary contrast is between showing love on the one hand and hate or apathy on the other. The great pattern is Jesus, who laid down his life for the believer. Thus, the great command given to believers is to believe in Jesus and to love each other. People show this love in actions, especially by giving to those in need. On the other hand, hate, or apathy, brings death, sin, and evil and shows no mercy to people. 

16 We know love by this, that he laid down his life for us [focusing on the positive example of Christ. Note that the death is “for us.” That privilege is the basis for obligation. Christians receive life from an act of love, so the life in them expresses itself in love.]-- and we ought to lay down our lives for one another.[One can understand these verses as a reflection on John 15:13-15, where on the night before his crucifixion Jesus is portrayed as telling his disciples that their relationship to one another is the binding love between friends, and that “no one has greater love than … to lay down one’s life for one’s friends.” Certainly within that narrative context, “laying down one’s life” for another is quite direct and literal, and it is that self-sacrificial act that the letter refers to when it says simply, “he laid down his life for us” (1 John 3:16). Does it follow, then, that the recipients are likewise literally to sacrifice their lives in response to their obligation to “lay down [their] lives for one another”? Without denying the possibility that such circumstances might arise, this letter makes it clear that such literal self-sacrifice is not the primary moral obligation in view. Nor is it content to permit an abstract “willingness” to act in such a way under extreme circumstances to suffice. The giving of one’s life for others is defined as the compassionate offer of oneself and one’s possessions to other members of the community of faith. So obvious is this obligation to the author of the letter that he is dumbfounded by the very thought that anyone might claim to have God’s love within her or himself and fail to meet others’ needs.] 17 How does God's love abide in anyone who has the world's goods and sees a brother or sister in need and yet refuses help?[The specific concern for the poor is part of the Jewish heritage. The observation suggests those who left were the wealthy ones. The secessionists may have wondered if their poverty would drive them to the secession. The clause translated as “refuses help” would literally be rendered as “closes off his compassion” (klesh ta splagcna autou), using the standard Greek idiom of the “bowels” (splagcna) as the seat of the emotions and acts of compassion (in the way we in English now speak of the “heart”). Without giving way to the etymological fallacy in such a well-established idiom, the image nevertheless suggests the idea of hoarding within oneself the love received from God in the forms of the material things necessary for life (bion tou kosmou). If God’s love properly “abides” (menei) in us it will not remain there closed off from others, but instead, having been nourished and transformed by God’s love we will act with compassion toward others in need. One also needs to admit that within the language of the Johannine literature this obligation is restricted to the ways one is to act toward other members of the faith community, one’s “brother or sister” (ton adeljon). Similarly limited calls for sharing one’s material possessions with fellow Christians can be found elsewhere in the New Testament (cf. Acts 4:34-35; James 2:15-16). Indeed, a proven effective means of evangelization is compassionate sharing of our possessions with those in need when it is at the same time made clear that these charitable acts arise not from ourselves but from the love of God that abides in us.]

Verses 18-22 have the theme of assurance before of God of those who belong to the truth.18 Little children, let us love, not in word or speech, but in truth and action. [The point is not just sincerity versus hypocrisy, but that claiming to belong to the truth manifests itself in deeds of love, not in hate. Nor is it the case that the only ones who benefit from such acts of compassion are the recipients of the charity. By demonstrating love not only by “words” but also by “actions”, we prove to ourselves as well as to others that our relationship with God has transformed us. Much more is at stake than just a warm, fuzzy feeling about ourselves and God’s love for us.] 19 And by this we will know that we are from the truth and will reassure our hearts before him 20 whenever our hearts condemn us; for God is greater than our hearts, and he knows everything. [When the text speaks of “reassuring our hearts” (kardian) or conversely being “condemned” by them, it is using the language of knowledge and proof. The “heart” in Greek idiom was the seat of the intellect and not the emotions. That is why the proper parallel with “God is greater than our hearts” is that “God knows everything”; in each instance, what is at stake is knowledge about us. Knowledge of the truth can help us in two cases. One in that our hearts condemn us with some sin, and yet God knows it all and forgives. Two, it gives assurance where our hearts are free of sin. This thought is similar to that of 2:2. This may have been necessary because secessionists would have cast doubts.] 21 Beloved, if our hearts do not condemn us, we have boldness before God; 22 and we receive from him whatever we ask, because we obey his commandments and do what pleases him. [Thus, there should be no uncertainty about our relationship with God if our actions accord with God’s will (“obey his commandments”) and arise from a loving, mutual relationship with God (“do what pleases him,”). This knowledge provides not only the “boldness” to ask God for what we need but also forms the substance of those requests in keeping with what will be pleasing to God. God is so gracious toward those who struggle with the sin that God gives whatever they ask. The text does not suggest merit, in answering prayers. It is part of the covenant relationship.]

Verses 23-24 have the theme of the commandment to believe and love. 23 And this is his commandment, that we should believe in the name of his Son Jesus Christ and love one another, just as he has commanded us. [The commandment from God is to believe in the name of the Son, Jesus Christ, and love each other. People who obey the commandments abide in God, and God abides in them. Further, we know that God abides in us by the Spirit that God has given us. The text continues the comment from verse 22 on John 16:26-27. Belief in the Gospel is a work, shaped in controversy, because of the necessity of public confession. The double commandment is similar to the synoptic tradition of  the two great commandments. Although the words usually trip easily off our tongues, understanding the precise nuance of the command to “believe in the name of his Son Jesus Christ” is difficult to pin down. The usual meaning of an action done “in the name of …” in Greek idiom is that of an attendant circumstance (“with mention of,” “while calling the name of …”). Surely, however, something more is at stake than just speaking Jesus’ name in a statement of what one believes. Equally unsatisfying is that it is nothing more than a formulaic means of identifying the object of one’s belief and trust. Would not direct use of the name itself (“believe in Jesus Christ”) better express the relational aspect of that trust? A better possible understanding of the expression would be its use to indicate an effect accomplished by uttering the name. The ability to believe is itself a consequence of calling on “the name” of Jesus Christ, who is then in some sense both the source and the object of that trust. It is precisely this idea of the mutuality of trust and loving action between the believer and Christ that forms the conclusion.] 24 All who obey his commandments abide in him, and he abides in them. And by this we know that he abides in us, by the Spirit that he has given us. That the commandment is not legalistic becomes clear in that “abiding” is so intimate. Commandment and Spirit are together. Note love in John 13:34 and Spirit in 14:15-17, 25-26. The New Testament often has Spirit as a pledge or criterion. Here, the thought is consistent with 4:2; the Spirit is the one who brings true public testimony about Jesus. Just as God has made Christ to abide within us through the gift of the Spirit, so also we abide in Christ as well through the gift of loving actions toward others in response to God’s command. Barth says that abiding in John is a way of being, not just an experience we have, nor a disposition. We have our truest reality in abiding, in which we are to see and understand ourselves in truth. We are to remain who we are. We are in Him of whom we have heard. We are really in Him.[1] 

Introduction

Not the same old formula.

In recent years, companies have learned how dangerous it is to change the ingredients of a successful brand. Exactly 30 years ago, in April 1985, Coca-Cola changed its formula and introduced a product called "New Coke." The response was overwhelmingly negative, and within three months, the original formula was back on the market.

Just how bad was it? The company hotline received 1,500 calls a day, almost four times what they usually logged. Psychiatrists listened in on calls and heard people talking as though they were grieving the death of a family member.

Southerners saw the change through the lens of the Civil War, describing it as yet another surrender to the Yankees. Even Fidel Castro despised New Coke, reportedly calling it "a sign of American capitalist decadence."

Bottom line: Be careful when you change a successful brand. You might end up breaking something that does not need fixing.

Oddly enough, Coke has decided to change its formula once again, offering a new version called "Coca-Cola Life." It was launched in Argentina before being test-marketed in the United Kingdom, and came to the United States in September 2014. People are wondering if it is healthier than regular Coke, since its formula contains a sweetener from natural sources. "Coca-Cola Life" will get its sweetness from sugar and stevia, which is derived from a plant in the chrysanthemum family. Instead of regular Coke's 140 calories per can, Life will have 89.

It competes with Pepsi True, also made with stevia.

Coca-Cola has started offering Life. Here is what one person ponders about the new Coke. 

For a moment, imagine the marketing meeting that must have taken place when they decided on the branding of this new product. Was there not anybody in that room who thought that naming it Coca-Cola Life was a terrible idea? What does that make normal Coca-Cola with its normal amount of sugar — Coca-Cola Death?[2] 

Application

            One of the issues facing John is that people claimed to have a form of faith or belief, but did not have corresponding actions that testified to that belief. I want us to explore that issue with John for a moment.

            First, let us consider the old formula.

"You shall love your neighbor as yourself" (Leviticus 19:18). That is what God said to Moses and the people of Israel.

As far as formulas go, it is terrific. For thousands of years, it has worked well in a variety of forms in most of the world's religions. Jews believe that "you shall love your neighbor as yourself." Hindus affirm that "one should not behave toward others in a way which is disagreeable to oneself." Buddhists say that you should "hurt not others in ways that you yourself would find hurtful." Muslims believe that "no one of you is a believer until he desires for his brother that which he desires for himself." (--Hadith of an-Nawawi 13)

There is nothing secret about this formula. Even Jesus endorsed it when he made it a part of his great commandment. "Love the Lord your God," said Jesus, and "love your neighbor as yourself" (Matthew 22:37, 39).

Surprisingly, in the first of his New Testament letters, the apostle John offers a new recipe: "this is [God's] commandment, that we should believe in the name of his Son Jesus Christ and love one another" (v. 23).

Believe in Jesus. Love one another.

Not the same old formula. 

            Second, let us consider the new formula.
So what is the apostle John up to?

For starters, he wants to put a human face on the commandment to love one another — the face of Jesus Christ. "We know love by this, that he laid down his life for us" (v. 16). John knows that the problem with the love commandment is that it can easily become sickeningly sweet, with people enjoying the pleasant taste of tender emotions and charitable thoughts. So he changes the formula to include the bitter sacrifice of Christ on the cross.

Such a change of ingredients can actually change our behavior. "We ought to lay down our lives for one another," (v. 16) insists John, following the example of Jesus. Under this new formula, sacrificial giving becomes a central part of the Christian life, one that simply cannot be denied. John asks his followers, "How does God's love abide in anyone who has the world's goods and sees a brother or sister in need and yet refuses to help?" (v. 17).

Good question. Where do you see God's love in such a person? You do not. It is just not there. Love is seen in action, not in words.

We love in action when we give our time. One of the greatest gifts we give to each other is time. When you give a spouse, a parent, a child, a friend, or a stranger, your time, you have given something you cannot get back. That time is gone. We need to treasure the gift of time as those who receive this gift from others. In fact, we see it around here, in funeral dinners, in people who set up this room, in people who volunteer for Upward Soccer. We see people willingly sacrificing time for others, setting aside time they could have used on themselves.

We see love in action as people give generously of their treasure. People enable this congregation to make disciples for Jesus Christ to transform the world when they regularly give to the ministries of this congregation. People help us fulfill the vision of helping people believe in Christ, grow in their faith, and go into the world to love as Jesus loved, as we give of our treasure.

John summarizes his new formula with the words "Believe in the name of [God's] Son Jesus Christ and love one another" (v. 23). He links belief in Jesus with love for one another, knowing that the clearest example of love is the sacrificial life and death of Christ. The result of this new formula is a close connection to God, one in which "all who obey his commandments abide in him, and he abides in them" (v. 24). John says that we will know that God lives in us "by the Spirit that he has given us" (v. 24).

The new link between belief and love create a new kind of life for us.
Christ Life.

Third, Jesus Christ has been offering Life for quite some time.

Throughout the gospel of John, we hear the promise of life. In fact, the gospel was written "so that you may come to believe that Jesus is the Messiah, the Son of God, and that through believing you may have life" (John 20:31). The gospel begins with the Word of God taking the human form of Jesus, and we're promised that "what has come into being in him was life, and the life was the light of all people" (John 1:3-4).

Belief. Life. Light. Put these ingredients together, and you can see that a new formula is beginning to emerge.

John goes on to tell us that "God so loved the world that he gave his only Son, so that everyone who believes in him may not perish but may have eternal life" (John 3:16).

So now love is in the mix. As well a kind of life that extends beyond the grave — eternal life.

Describing himself, Jesus says, "I am the light of the world. Whoever follows me will never walk in darkness but will have the light of life" (John 8:12). "I came that they may have life, and have it abundantly" (John 10:10). "I am the way, and the truth and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me" (John 14:6). 

- Life in his name.
- Eternal life.
- The light of life.
- Abundant life.
- The way, the truth and the life.
- Life, life, life.  

Conclusion
Christ Life is what you want. Coca-Cola Life, not so much.

You can have that life as you believe in the Son and love one another, all of which will lead to the close connection with God. You will have nothing to lose, and a new life to gain.  

Sermon to go
Key points

            First, let us consider the old formula.

"You shall love your neighbor as yourself" (Leviticus 19:18)

Hindus affirm that "one should not behave toward others in a way which is disagreeable to oneself." Buddhists say that you should "hurt not others in ways that you yourself would find hurtful." And Muslims believe that "no one of you is a believer until he desires for his brother that which he desires for himself." (--Hadith of an-Nawawi 13)

"this is [God's] commandment, that we should believe in the name of his Son Jesus Christ and love one another" (I John 3: 23). 

            Second, let us consider the new formula.

"We know love by this, that he laid down his life for us" (v. 16)

"We ought to lay down our lives for one another," (v. 16)

"How does God's love abide in anyone who has the world's goods and sees a brother or sister in need and yet refuses to help?" (v. 17)

"Believe in the name of [God's] Son Jesus Christ and love one another" (v. 23)

"all who obey his commandments abide in him, and he abides in them" (v. 24)

"by the Spirit that he has given us" (v. 24) 

Third, Jesus Christ has been offering Life for quite some time.

the gospel was written "so that you may come to believe that Jesus is the Messiah, the Son of God, and that through believing you may have life" (John 20:31)

we're promised that "what has come into being in him was life, and the life was the light of all people" (John 1:3-4).

"God so loved the world that he gave his only Son, so that everyone who believes in him may not perish but may have eternal life" (John 3:16).

Jesus says, "I am the light of the world. Whoever follows me will never walk in darkness but will have the light of life" (John 8:12). "I came that they may have life, and have it abundantly" (John 10:10). "I am the way, and the truth and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me" (John 14:6).  

Ideas for exploration

1. In Acts 4:5-12 we have the story of Peter, in which he stresses that there is salvation in no one else but in Jesus Christ, who God raised from the dead.

2. Note the new formula of “love one another” shifts in I John 3:16-24.

3. John 10:11-18, where Jesus is the good shepherd who lays down his life for the sheep. 

Let’s Live It!
Psalm 23:2-3a
2 He makes me lie down in green pastures;
he leads me beside still waters;
3 he restores my soul. 

            This week, stay in touch with the source of our love for each other, namely, the love of God for us. Let awareness of that love restore your soul. Let the restoration flow into your relationships with other people.




[1] Church Dogmaitcs IV.2 [64.4] 276.
[2] Gary Bainbridge, "Coca Cola Life, and why you can't have it both ways," Mirror, October 9, 2014, mirror.co.uk.

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